How Do I Know If My Well Water Is Safe to Drink?

The Importance of Testing Your Well Water

If your home relies on well water, you are responsible for your own water safety — not your city’s water department.

That means regular testing and maintenance are essential to ensure your water stays clean, clear, and safe for your family.

At Boylan Water Well Service & Supply, Inc., we recommend annual comprehensive water testing and treatment services for homeowners across New Mexico.

Common Contaminants Found in Well Water

1. Bacteria and Microorganisms

The most common health-related contaminant is coliform bacteria, which includes E. coli. These bacteria can enter your well through:

• Cracked well casings
• Floodwater infiltration
• Nearby septic system leaks

Drinking contaminated water can cause gastrointestinal illness and other health problems.

2. Nitrates and Nitrites

High nitrate levels in groundwater often come from fertilizer runoff or animal waste.

This contaminant is particularly dangerous for infants, as it interferes with oxygen transport in the blood (“blue baby syndrome”).

3. Heavy Metals

Iron, manganese, arsenic, and lead can leach into groundwater from natural deposits or corroding pipes.

They can cause everything from unpleasant tastes to serious long-term health risks if left untreated.

4. Chemicals and VOCs

 

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can enter your well water from nearby industrial or agricultural activity, often causing odor, discoloration, or toxicity concerns.

How to Tell If Your Well Water May Be Unsafe

While only lab testing can confirm contamination, you may notice signs such as:

• Strange taste or odor (metallic, sulfuric, or chemical)
• Cloudy or discolored water
• Staining on sinks or toilets
• Frequent stomach issues among household members

If you observe these symptoms, call immediately for testing.

How Often Should You Test Your Water?

The EPA recommends annual well water testing for bacteria, nitrates, and other common contaminants.

You should also test after:

• Flooding or heavy rain
• Well repairs or pump replacement
• Noticing changes in taste, color, or odor

Professional Treatment Solutions

Depending on your test results, it is recommended that you do one of the following:

• UV light disinfection for bacteria
• Reverse osmosis systems for heavy metals and chemicals
• Water softeners for hard water
• Carbon filtration for odors and taste

Protecting Your Family’s Health

Regular testing isn’t just routine maintenance — it’s peace of mind.